> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.speckle.systems/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Exceptions

> Exception types in SpecklePy

## Overview

SpecklePy defines custom exception types that inherit from `SpeckleException`. Catch this base exception to handle all Speckle-related errors.

```python theme={null}
from specklepy.logging.exceptions import SpeckleException

try:
    result = client.project.get("project_id")
except SpeckleException as e:
    print(f"Error: {e.message}")
```

## Exception Types

### SpeckleException

Base exception for all Speckle-related errors.

```python theme={null}
class SpeckleException(Exception):
    message: str
    exception: Optional[Exception]
```

### GraphQLException

Raised when GraphQL queries or mutations fail.

```python theme={null}
class GraphQLException(SpeckleException):
    message: str
    errors: Optional[List[Any]]
    data: Optional[Any]
```

**Common causes:**

* Invalid object IDs
* Resource not found
* Permission denied
* Server errors

**Example:**

```python theme={null}
from specklepy.logging.exceptions import GraphQLException

try:
    project = client.project.get("invalid_id")
except GraphQLException as e:
    print(f"GraphQL error: {e.message}")
```

### SerializationException

Raised when object serialization or deserialization fails.

```python theme={null}
class SerializationException(SpeckleException):
    message: str
    obj: Any
    unhandled_type: type
    exception: Optional[Exception]
```

**Common causes:**

* Non-Speckle objects without conversion
* Circular references
* Unsupported data types

### UnsupportedException

Raised when an operation or feature is not supported.

```python theme={null}
class UnsupportedException(SpeckleException):
    message: str
```

**Common causes:**

* Features unavailable on older server versions
* Unsupported object types
* Platform-specific features

### SpeckleInvalidUnitException

Raised when invalid units are provided.

```python theme={null}
class SpeckleInvalidUnitException(SpeckleException):
    # Expected string units like "m", "ft", "mm", etc.
```

### WorkspacePermissionException

Raised when workspace operations fail due to insufficient permissions.

```python theme={null}
class WorkspacePermissionException(SpeckleException):
    message: str
```

**Common causes:**

* Insufficient workspace permissions
* Workspace features not available on server
* Not a member of the workspace

## Related

<CardGroup>
  <Card title="SpeckleClient" href="/developers/sdks/python/api-reference/client" icon="user">
    Client operations
  </Card>

  <Card title="Operations" href="/developers/sdks/python/api-reference/operations" icon="plug">
    Send/receive operations
  </Card>
</CardGroup>